A blog specializing in pressure, temperature, level and flow instrumentation, control valves, process analyzers, and all other areas of process measurement. Courtesy of Miller Energy, a New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio process instrumentation Rep and Distributor.
The Schubert & Salzer Three-Way Ball Sector Valve 4080
Quantim® QMC Coriolis Mass Flow Meters & Controllers
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Pulsed Ultraviolet Fluorescence: The Cutting-edge Technology for Sulfur Analysis in Industry
Pulsed Ultraviolet Fluorescence (PUVF) is an analytical technique with a wide range of applications. It is used to measure the concentration of sulfur compounds in various matrices, such as liquid fuels, gases, and process streams. This versatile technology is widely used in industrial applications and in online sulfur analyzers, demonstrating its adaptability to different industries and settings.
Here's how PUVF works:
- Sample introduction: The sample (liquid or gas) is introduced into the analyzer's combustion chamber.
- Combustion: The sample is completely oxidized in the combustion chamber at high temperatures, converting all sulfur compounds into sulfur dioxide (SO2).
- Excitation: The SO2 molecules are exposed to pulsed ultraviolet light, typically from a xenon flashlamp. This UV light excites the SO2 molecules to a higher energy state.
- Fluorescence: As the excited SO2 molecules return to their ground state, they emit light (fluorescence) at a specific wavelength.
- Detection: The fluorescence intensity is measured using a photomultiplier tube (PMT) or other suitable detector. The fluorescence intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of SO2 in the sample.
- Calculation: The analyzer's software calculates the total sulfur concentration in the original sample based on the measured SO2 concentration and the sample's properties (e.g., density, flow rate).
PUVF technology offers several advantages over other sulfur measurement techniques:
- High sensitivity: PUVF can detect sulfur concentrations in the parts-per-billion (ppb) range.
- Selectivity: The specific wavelength of SO2 fluorescence minimizes interference from other compounds.
- Linearity: The fluorescence intensity has a linear relationship with the sulfur concentration over a wide range.
- Rapid response: PUVF analyzers provide real-time measurements, enabling quick process control and optimization.
PUVF technology is widely used for online sulfur monitoring and control in many industries including:
- Petroleum refining: Monitoring sulfur content in crude oil, refined products (gasoline, diesel, kerosene), and process streams is crucial for meeting environmental regulations and product specifications.
- Natural gas processing: Measuring sulfur compounds (H2S, mercaptans) in natural gas ensures gas quality and prevents corrosion in pipelines and equipment.
- Chemical manufacturing: Monitoring sulfur content is important in various chemical processes, such as the production of sulfuric acid, fertilizers, and other sulfur-containing compounds.
- Environmental monitoring: To comply with air quality regulations, sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from industrial sources, such as power plants and factories, must be measured.
- Biogas and landfill gas: Monitoring sulfur compounds (H2S) in biogas and landfill gas is essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of gas utilization systems, such as engines and fuel cells.
- Metallurgical processes: The sulfur content in metals and ores controls the quality of the final product and optimizes the smelting process.
- Food and beverage industry: Measuring sulfur dioxide in wine, dried fruits, and other food products is necessary for quality control and compliance with food safety regulations.
- Automotive industry: Monitoring sulfur content in fuels and lubricants is crucial for maintaining the performance and longevity of engines and emission control systems.
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The Future of Industrial Valve Automation: Innovations and Trends for the Next Five Years
Enhanced Predictive Maintenance Capabilities
Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Development of Smart Valves
Advancements in Safety and Security
Greater Compatibility and Standardization
Conclusion
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From Raw Materials to Finished Products: Ensuring Quality with Industrial Process Refractometers in the Chemical Industry
- Indispensable tools in the chemical processing industry.
- Offering a multifaceted approach to ensuring product quality.
- Enhancing process safety.
- Improving efficiency.
Miller Energy, Inc.
https://millerenergy.com
800-631-5454
The Importance and Uses of Variable Area Flowmeters (Rotameters) in Industrial Applications
How Does a Rotameter Work?
Importance of Rotameters in Industrial Applications
- Cost-Effective: Due to their uncomplicated design and construction, rotameters are generally more affordable than many other flowmeter types, making them a preferred choice for applications where cost is a significant concern.
- Direct Readout: Rotameters provide an immediate visual indication of the flow rate, eliminating the need for additional electronic devices or readout systems, particularly useful in environments where electronic instrumentation may be impractical or undesirable.
- Flexibility: Rotameters apply for both liquids and gases, provided the appropriate float material and tube size are selected.
- Low Maintenance: With few moving parts and no electronic components, rotameters require minimal maintenance, reducing operational downtime.
- No Power Requirement: Rotameters operate without external power sources, making them ideal for locations where power availability is a challenge.
Common Uses of Rotameters in Industry
- Chemical Processing: Rotameters are extensively used in chemical plants to monitor and regulate the flow of raw materials, intermediates, and finished products. Their ability to handle aggressive chemicals, assuming construction with compatible materials, makes them suitable.
- Water Treatment: In water treatment plants, rotameters help monitor and control the flow of water and treatment chemicals, ensuring effective treatment and efficient plant operation.
- Gas Distribution: Industries that utilize various gases, like nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon dioxide, use rotameters to monitor and regulate gas flow, ensuring optimal process conditions.
- Pharmaceuticals: Ensuring precise flow rates is crucial in the pharmaceutical industry. Rotameters help regulate the flow of solvents, active ingredients, and other fluids, maintaining the consistency and quality of drug products.
- Laboratories: Rotameters are commonly found in research and analytical labs, allowing scientists to control the flow of gases or liquids in experiments precisely.
- Food and Beverage: The food industry uses rotameters for tasks such as regulating the flow of ingredients in food processing or managing cleaning agents in CIP (Clean-In-Place) systems.
- HVAC Systems: In heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, rotameters help ensure the proper flow of refrigerants and other fluids, guaranteeing system efficiency.